Producción científica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en bases de datos internacionales

Introducción: La difusión y visibilidad de la producción científica son cruciales para lograr un impacto significativo. En este sentido, las bases de datos con cobertura internacional juegan un papel fundamental. Objetivo: Este estudio buscó caracterizar la producción científica de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en 2022 mediante el análisis de tres bases de datos con cobertura internacional: Web of Science, Scopus y PubMed. Metodología: El estudio empleó un enfoque bibliométrico. Los registros bibliográficos fueron recolectados entre mayo y junio de 2023 utilizando la opción de búsqueda por afiliación "Universidad Nacional de Asunción" en las tres bases de datos. Los resultados de la búsqueda fueron filtrados en base a los criterios especificados por las bases de datos, limitando la búsqueda a artículos publicados en revistas científicas en el año 2022. Resultados: Se recogieron un total de 263 artículos, la mayoría de ellos publicados en revistas de alto impacto por editoriales reconocidas internacionalmente. El autor más prolífico tenía 30 artículos publicados, y la mayoría de los trabajos reflejaban la colaboración entre autores de la UNA como coautores. En cuanto al número de artículos por título de revista, el mayor número fue de 8, 7 y 4 artículos en Web of Science, Scopus y PubMed, respectivamente. Los editores más importantes de los artículos fueron Elsevier, Springer y Wiley, entre otros. Discusión: El análisis de los 263 artículos publicados indica la fuerte presencia de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en revistas de alto impacto y editoriales de renombre internacional, particularmente en el campo de la Psiquiatría debido a la relevancia de la pandemia en la salud mental. Destaca la colaboración internacional de los autores de la UNA, pero hay margen de mejora, como la presentación uniforme de la afiliación universitaria. La indexación de los artículos en bases de datos internacionales es crucial para la visibilidad.

Introduction: The dissemination and visibility of scientific production are crucial for achieving significant impact. In this regard, databases with international coverage play a vital role. Objective: This study aimed to characterize the scientific production of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción in 2022 by analyzing three databases with international coverage: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Methodology: The study employed a bibliometric approach. The bibliographic records were collected between May and June 2023 using the search option by affiliation "Universidad Nacional de Asunción" in the three databases. The search results were filtered based on the criteria specified by the databases, limiting the search to articles published in scientific journals in 2022. Results: A total of 263 articles were collected, with most of them published in high-impact journals by internationally recognized publishers. The most prolific author had 30 published articles, and most papers reflected collaboration between UNA authors as co-authors. Regarding the number of articles per journal title, the highest number was 8, 7, and 4 articles in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, respectively. The most important publishers of the articles were Elsevier, Springer, and Wiley, among others. Discussion: The analysis of the 263 published articles indicates the strong presence of the Universidad Nacional de Asunción in high-impact journals and internationally renowned publishers, particularly in the field of Psychiatry due to the relevance of the pandemic on mental health. The international collaboration of UNA authors stands out, but there is room for improvement, such as the uniform presentation of university affiliation. The indexing of the articles in international databases is crucial for visibility.

Hotspot， frontier and trend of communicable diseases prevention and control research in China in the past 30 years： an analysis based on bibliometrics and scientific knowledge atlas / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveBy using bibliometrics and scientific knowledge mapping technology， this study systematically combs and visually analyzes the research hotspots， frontiers and trends of infectious disease prevention and control in China in the past 30 years， summarizes the research direction in this field， combs the knowledge structure， and provides guidance and reference for subsequent research. MethodsThe databases of CNKI and Wanfang were searched by （"infectious diseases" or " communicable diseases"） and "prevention and control" not "chronic diseases"， The bibliometric software VOSviewer 1.68 and CiteSpace 5.8.3 were used to analyze the co-occurrence network of scientific knowledge maps from the keywords， emerging words， research authors， institutions and other aspects， and summarized the research hotspots， frontiers and trends in the field of infectious disease prevention and control in China. ResultsA total of 10 777 literatures were retrieved， and 7 676 literatures were included after screening. From the perspective of research trend， the number of published literatures in the field of infectious disease prevention and control in China showed an overall upward trend， and the number of studies was closely related to the outbreak of infectious diseases. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has played a leading role in the research. In terms of researchers' cooperation， Hao Mo， Li Chengyue， Wang Ying and others from Fudan University were the main researchers' cooperation teams. Tu Wenxiao， Meng Ling and Xiang Nijuan from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the main researchers. Wang Quanyi， Li Xinyu， Wang Xiaoli from the Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the main researchers' research teams. Yang Zhicong， Li Meixia， Luo Lei and other research teams from Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention have formed a relatively obvious cooperation network. Analysis of the keyword cluster atlas showed that the articles related to the prevention and control of infectious diseases mainly were focused on the epidemiology of new coronavirus infection （new infectious diseases）， school infectious diseases， common infectious diseases， and the related research of vector infectious diseases. The analysis of salient words indicated the research focus and trend change in different time periods. At present， the research focus and frontier in the field of infectious diseases are mainly concentrated in the field of prevention and control of new infectious diseases， such as the monitoring， early warning， reporting， emergency management， laws and regulations of the new coronavirus infection. ConclusionOur country attaches great importance to the prevention and control of infectious diseases， with extensive and in-depth research hotspots. In particular， research on emerging infectious diseases has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. With the application of molecular biology， big data， AI and other technologies in the field of infectious disease prevention and control， China's infectious disease prevention and control capabilities will be greatly improved. At the same time， it is necessary to strengthen the linkage between universities， disease control institutions， and medical institutions， and establish and improve a long-term normal prevention and control mechanism.

Dr. Carlos Eduardo Albert Chacón: de "los que aman y fundan" / Dr. Carlos Eduardo Albert Chacón: of "those who love and found"

Introducción: En 2019, se cumplieron 50 años de la designación como director del Hospital General Docente Dr. Enrique Cabrera del Dr. Carlos Eduardo Albert Chacón. Objetivo: Divulgar sus cualidades y valores, experiencias y conocimientos durante toda su fructífera vida. Desarrollo: Sus estudios cursados en todos los niveles y en la Carrera de Medicina; sus distintos cargos, Servicio Médico Social Rural, sus inquietudes revolucionarias, primero, y luego su incondicionalidad a la Revolución, misiones internacionalistas, actividades y categorías científicas, y su trayectoria en el Hospital Dr. Enrique Cabrera, en el que fuera director, así como Presidente del Consejo Científico durante más de diez años hasta 2016. Conclusiones: La actitud de vanguardia de su vida, plena de valores humanos y revolucionarios. Guía incuestionable para las jóvenes generaciones, a las que ha formado con su ejemplo, ética y nivel profesional(AU)

Introduction: In 2019, there was the 50th anniversary of the appointment of Dr. Carlos Eduardo Albert Chacón as Director of Dr. Enrique Cabrera General Teaching Hospital. Objective: To spread his qualities, values, experiences and knowledge throughout his whole successful life. Development: His studies taken at all levels and his medical studies; his Rural Social Medical Service, concerns and unconditional dedication to the Revolution; his internationalist missions, activities and scientific category as well as his professional career at Dr. Enrique Cabrera General Teaching Hospital where he worked as director and President of the Scientific Board for more than ten years until 2016 are highlighted in this work. Conclusions: His positive attitude towards life which was plenty of human values and revolutionary thoughts and actions has been an irrefutable guide for the young generations that he has educated with his example, ethics and professional level(AU)

Advance in Researches of Low Back Pain: A Bibliometrics and Visualization Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the research focus, frontier and trend of global reseaches about low back pain using bibliometrics and visualization technology. Methods:The researchs in the Web of Science core database from 2016 to 2020 were retrieved with the subject terms of "low back pain" and categories of rehabilitation, and analyzed with Creating Citation Reports and Analyzing Retrieval Results of Web of Science, as well as the CiteSpace. Results:A total of 2026 papers were retrieved. The total frequency of citations in the last five years was 6793. The number of papers and citations increased year by year. Most of the papers came from the countries of America, Europe and Australia; the top five university institutions also with high centrality; and funded by US National Research Fund mostly. The top ten journals for number of papers and cited frequency were mainly rehabilitation journals, and the researches mainly focused on orthopedics, sports medicine and healthcare medicine. A total of 468 key words were obtained, including 33 key words with high centrality and 29 key words with Strongest Citation Bursts. Nine papers of highly cited were suggested by Web of Science. A total of 466 references were obtained through CiteSpace, including 35 references with high centrality and 53 references with Strongest Citation Bursts. The researches of key node literature were mainly randomized controlled trails and systematic review. Conclusion:The researches of low back pain mainly focus on the mechanism and management of pain, such as central sensitization, pressure pain threshold, pain pattern classification, pain directional preference and centralization, pain physiology/neuroscience education, and nonpharmacologic strategies for comprehensive pain care; as well as the psychological and social factors, such as behavioral cognitive therapy/psychologically informed physical therapy, self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, fear avoidance, and variables and interventions related to return-to-work. The trial studies of STarT Back tool, core instruments and standardization of core outcome reporting in clinical trials, and individualized and targeted treatment, would be the global trends in the research of low back pain.

El conocimiento científico en el contexto de los sistemas nacionales de innovación de Brasil y España / Scientific knowledge in Brazilian and Spanish national innovation systems

El carácter colaborativo de un Sistema Nacional de Innovación presupone la implantación de políticas públicas para la innovación, que deben orientar la acción y la interacción de los agentes de dicho sistema. En este contexto, la universidad asume un papel relevante porque es la gran responsable de la producción del conocimiento científico en las naciones. El objetivo general de la investigación se orientó al análisis de políticas públicas nacionales e institucionales y a los indicadores de innovación de Brasil y España en lo que se refiere a la producción y al intercambio del conocimiento científico. Se optó por una investigación de naturaleza cualitativa, integrada por el análisis bibliográfico y documental, y un estudio comparativo entre políticas e indicadores de CT&I vigentes en los ámbitos brasileño y español. Se concluye que los documentos analizados enfocan los conceptos y principios de la interacción, pero se hace necesaria la incorporación de aspectos que contribuyan a la efectividad de la actuación integrada y el intercambio de conocimiento entre los agentes de los respectivos sistemas nacionales de innovación(AU)

The collaborative nature of national innovation systems implies the implementation of public policies for innovation, intended to guide the action and interaction of the agents involved in the system. Universities play a relevant role in that context, being as they are major producers of scientific knowledge in countries. The general purpose of the study was to analyze national and institutional public policies and innovation indicators from Brazil and Spain related to the production and exchange of scientific knowledge. A qualitative study was conducted consisting in bibliographic and document analysis and a comparison between ST&I indicators and policies in place in Brazil and Spain. The documents analyzed were found to address interaction concepts and principles, but it is necessary to include aspects contributing to the effectiveness of integrated action and exchange of knowledge between the agents involved in the national innovation systems(AU)

Quarto de despejo: relato de uma vivência dialogada / Quarto de despejo: report of a lived experience / Quarto de despejo: relato de una vivencia dialogada

O relato de experiência aqui apresentado trata de uma oficina que teve como base a leitura de Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada, de Carolina Maria de Jesus. O caminho metodológico da oficina contou com os seguintes passos: 1. Orientações prévias aos participantes. 2. Montagem do cenário da oficina. 3. Aquecimento. 4. Atividade principal: vivência das estações. 5. Fechamento. O material utilizado foram objetos específicos que remetiam ao livro, bem como materiais diversos para montagem das estações. Participaram da oficina 18 integrantes do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Poder, Cultura e Práticas Coletivas (Gepcol), das áreas de Psicologia, Pedagogia e Geografia, com idades entre 22 e 50 anos, majoritariamente composto por mulheres e tendo alguns participantes que se autodeclararam negros/as. O presente estudo focou em duas das estações realizadas na oficina "A mulher Carolina e Cenário Político". A partir da perspectiva decolonial, este estudo buscou trazer ao contexto acadêmico linguagens e formatos para produção de conhecimento que foram historicamente alijados dos espaços de representatividade e poder, tanto na ciência como na política.

The experience report presented herein was a workshop that was based on the reading of Room of Eviction: diary of a favela, by Carolina Maria de Jesus. The workshop's methodology included the following steps: 1. Previous guidance to participants. 2. Setting the scene. 3. Warming-up. 4. Main activity: experience of the seasons. 5. Closing. The material used were specific objects that referred to the book, as well as various materials for assembling the stations. Eighteen members of the study and research group about Power, Culture and Collective Practices (Gepcol), from the areas of psychology, pedagogy and geography, aged between 22 and 50 years old. The group was composed mostly by women, some of them self-declared black people. The present study focused on two of the stations held in the workshop: Carolina as a woman and the Political Scenario. From a decolonial perspective, this study sought to bring to the academic context languages and formats for the production of knowledge that have historically been excluded from the spaces of representation and power, both in science and in politics.

El informe de experiencia aquí presentado trata sobre un workshop que se basó en la lectura de la Sala del desalojo: diario de una favela, de Carolina Maria de Jesus. La metodología incluyó los siguientes pasos: 1. Orientación previa para los participantes. 2. Montaje del escenario del workshop. 3. Preparación. 4. Actividad principal: experiencia de las estaciones. 5. Cierre. El material utilizado fueron objetos específicos que se referían al libro, así como diversos materiales para ensamblar las estaciones. Dieciocho miembros del Grupo de Estudios e Investigación sobre Poder, Cultura y Prácticas Colectivas (GEPCOL) participaron, desde las áreas de psicología, pedagogía y geografía, con edades entre 22 y 50 años, en su mayoría compuesto por mujeres y con algunos participantes que se declararon a sí mismos gente negra. El presente estudio se centró en dos de las estaciones realizadas en el workshop: Carolina mujer y el Escenario político. Desde una perspectiva descolonial, este estudio buscó traer al contexto académico lenguajes y formatos para la producción de conocimiento que históricamente han sido excluidos de los espacios de representación y poder, tanto en la ciencia como en la política.

Medicinal plants of the brazilian cerrado: knowing to preserve / Plantas medicinais do cerrado brasileiro: sabendo preservar

The Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil and presents an immeasurable and still underexplored ecological diversity. Despite the exuberance of its endemic species, it is one of the 25 global hotspots, due to a high natural biodiversity wealth along with an expressive environment destruction. In this study, we surveyed the knowledge on medicinal use of Cerrado plants held by individuals living in a predominantly Cerrado region. A semi-structured individual questionnaire for qualitative socio-economic characterization and medicinal use of plants was applied to Public Health Service users of the city of Assis, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Assis Regional Hospital (Protocol 4812010). Out of 149 respondents, 90.6% reported knowledge and/or use of plants for therapeutic purposes. Among 115 mentioned plant species, only 11.4% belong to the Cerrado. We also evaluated how matching were the reported uses and the respective published data from scientific studies on the plants' medicinal properties. It was verified that for the few Cerrado plants cited, the respondents described several medicinal applications not scientifically described. More precisely, 60.5% of all medicinal applications were not found in the scientific literature. Besides that, many of the therapeutic effects described in the literature for the Cerrado species were not cited by the interviewed population. Our results indicate a relative unawareness of people on the medicinal potential of the native species of their residence region. We suggest that strengthening connection between popular and scientific knowledge, along with spreading such knowledge, could contribute for an improved valuation about the Cerrado biome and consecutive preservation of it.KEYWORDS: Popular knowledge. Scientific knowledge. Valuation about the biome. INTRODUCTION Use of medicinal plants dates back to ancient times (DUTRA et al., 2016) and, over time, accumulated empirical evidence produced from popular knowledge has enabled incorporation of phytotherapy into traditional medicine with positive results (SANTOS et al., 2011). With the advent of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology, many of these plants began to be safely used in the production ofherbal medicines for treatment of different diseases, such as infections, tissue inflammation, and pain (EKOR, 2014). It is currently known that several secondary metabolites produced by plants not only protect themselves from herbivory and pathogens, for instance (FÜRSTENBERG-HÄGG; ZAGROBELNY; BAK, 2013; SANCHÉZ-SANCHÉZ; MORQUECHO-CONTRERAS, 2017), but also have beneficial effects on human health (TAIZ; ZEIGER, 2010). However, in many countries, including those that hold a large biodiversity, the native medicinal flora is still barely studied by scientific methods (RIBEIRO et al., 2014). The Cerrado is the second largest biome after the Amazon in Brazil. Although the extensive area of 2,036,448 km2 occupied nowadays by this biome (BARBOSA, 2017), much of the Cerrado has already been transformed into pasture, grain crops or devastated for other uses (KLINK; MACHADO, 2005). Currently, only 8,21% of its total area is fully protected (BARBOSA, 2017). As a result, it is one of the most threatened biomes in the world. According to Mittermeier et al. (2005), the Brazilian Cerrado is one of the 25 global hotspots, areas with concentration of endemic species and exceptional ongoing destruction. Many communities resident in Cerrado regions are comprised of poor people with restricted access to public health services and often dependent Received: 14/05/18 Accepted: 20/11/19

O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma do Brasil, apresenta uma diversidade ecológica imensurável e ainda pouco explorada. Apesar da exuberância de suas espécies endêmicas, é um dos 25 hotspots globais, pois apresenta alta riqueza natural em termos de biodiversidade e destruição expressiva de seu meio ambiente. Neste estudo, pesquisamos o conhecimento sobre o uso medicinal de plantas do Cerrado entre indivíduos que vivem em uma região predominantemente do Cerrado. Um questionário individual semiestruturado com perguntas de caráter socioeconômicas qualitativas e referentes ao uso medicinal de plantas foi aplicado aos usuários do Serviço de Saúde Pública da cidade de Assis, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital Regional de Assis (Protocolo 4812010). Dos 149 entrevistados, 90,6% relataram conhecimento e / ou uso de plantas para fins terapêuticos. Entre as 115 espécies de plantas mencionadas, 11,4% pertencem ao Cerrado. Também avaliamos a correlação entre os usos relatados e os respectivos dados publicados em estudos científicos sobre as propriedades medicinais das plantas.Verificou-se que, para as poucas plantas de Cerrado citadas, os entrevistados descreveram diversas aplicações medicinais não descritas cientificamente. Mais precisamente, 60,5% do total das aplicações medicinais não foram encontrados na literatura científica. Além disso, muitos dos efeitos terapêuticos descritos na literatura para as espécies do Cerrado não foram citados pela população entrevistada. Portanto, sugerimos que o fortalecimento da conexão entre conhecimento popular e científico, aliado à disseminação desse conhecimento, poderia contribuir para uma maior valorização do bioma Cerrado e consequentemente a preservação do mesmo.

A cochonilha no mundo luso-brasileiro: o manuscrito setecentista editado por Manuel Joaquim Henriques de Paiva / Cochineals in the Portuguese-Brazilian world: the eighteenth-century manuscript edited by Manuel Joaquim Henriques de Paiva

Resumo O documento que o leitor encontrará a seguir é a transcrição inédita e modernizada do manuscrito História do descobrimento da cochonilha no Brasil, editado pelo médico e químico Manuel Joaquim Henriques de Paiva entre os anos de 1774 e 1801. O propósito de Paiva, com essa versão revista e anotada do estudo pioneiro de seu irmão, o médico José Henriques Ferreira, era estimular a cultura e o comércio da cochonilha, um inseto produtor de corante avermelhado muito requisitado na Europa. A História..., portanto, fornece indícios do papel capital dos saberes ditos científicos para o fomento e engrandecimento do Reino português e de sua principal colônia.

Abstract A previously unpublished, modernized transcript of the manuscript História do descobrimento da cochonilha no Brasil (History of the discovery of the cochineal in Brazil), edited by the physician and chemist Manuel Joaquim Henriques de Paiva between 1774 and 1801, is presented. By bringing out this reviewed, annotated version of the pioneering study by his brother, the physician José Henriques Ferreira, Paiva wanted to encourage the culture and trade of the cochineal, an insect that produced a red dye that was in great demand in Europe. História... thus provides indications of the key role of so-called scientific knowledge in the development and growth of the Portuguese kingdom and their primary colony.

Urban streams in Latin America: Current conditions and research needs

Introduction: Latin America is a highly urbanized region, with most of its population living in cities and urban centers. While information about urban streams in Latin America is rather limited, streams are expected to experience similar environmental impacts and conservation issues as urban streams in parts of the globe, including habitat loss, channelization, sewage discharge, trash, and loss of riparian habitats. Objective: We surveyed a network of researchers from approximately 80% of the countries in Latin America to obtain information on the condition, state of knowledge, and threats to urban streams in the region. Methods: Most participants were reached via the Macrolatinos@ network (www.macrolatinos.net). Results: We obtained 104 responses from researchers in 18 of the 23 Latin American countries. Most urban streams are impacted or degraded, and inputs of contaminants and wastewater discharges were considered major drivers of stream degradation. Most respondents indicated that stream channelization is common, with some streams completely channelized or buried. Sewage and rainfall runoff management were identified as a major factor degrading streams, with most respondents suggesting that streams are a primary destination for wastewater discharge, much of which is untreated. Major limitations to urban stream conservation in Latin America are the result of limited ecological knowledge, lack of citizen interest or political will to protect them. There are isolated efforts to restore urban streams and riparian zones, but these are initial steps that need further development. Conclusions: Our research network of Latin American scientists proved to be a valuable tool to assess a large number of urban rivers in a relatively understudied region. Urban streams in Latin America face a diversity of stressors and management challenges, and we propose three areas that would benefit from further research to improve our understanding and management of these systems: (1) Studies should focus on the watershed, rather than isolated reaches, (2) researchers should strive to attain a better understanding of ecosystem function and the services provided by urban streams to justify management and restoration efforts, and (3) studies that integrate economic models where downstream users pay for upstream protection and restoration could prove beneficial for many Latin American cities in attempting to address water conservation issues.

Introducción: Latinoamérica es una región altamente urbanizada, con la mayoría de su población viviendo en ciudades y centros urbanos. Es bastante limitada la información sobre los ríos urbanos en esta región, sin embargo, se reconocen algunas problemáticas ambientales sobre estos ecosistemas urbanos, los cuales suelen ser similares en toda la región. Algunas de estas son la pérdida de hábitat, la canalización, la descarga de aguas residuales, la basura y la pérdida de zonas ribereñas. Objetivo: Nuestro propósito es obtener información sobre la condición, el estado del conocimiento y las amenazas de nuestros ríos urbanos en Latinoamérica. Métodos: Para esto se compartió una encuesta entre investigadores de la región, contactados en su mayoría a través de la red Macrolatinos@ (www.macrolatinos.net). Resultados: Se recibieron 104 respuestas de personas en 18 países, de los 23 que conforman Latinoamérica. La mayoría de los ríos urbanos se encuentran degradados, principalmente por los aportes de contaminantes y la descarga de aguas residuales. Existen ríos que han sido canalizados completamente, sin embargo, otros presentan algunos tramos con estructuras duras y muy pocos muestran una condición natural. El manejo de las aguas residuales y de la escorrentía de lluvias se identificaron como un factor importante en estos ríos. Es común encontrar sistemas combinados de alcantarillado y escorrentía de lluvias, que finalmente se mezclan y llegan a los ríos sin un tratamiento considerable. Las principales limitaciones para la conservación y restauración de los ríos urbanos en Latinoamérica es la falta de conocimiento ecológico, el desinterés del ciudadano y la falta de voluntad política. Aunque existen esfuerzos aislados que viene trabajando por restaurar tanto los ríos como las zonas ribereñas, estos son pasos iniciales que necesitan un mayor desarrollo. Conclusiones: Nuestra red de investigación de científicos latinoamericanos demostró ser una herramienta valiosa para evaluar una cantidad de ríos urbanos de forma rápida y precisa. Nuestros ríos enfrentan una serie de impactos estresantes, por lo que requieren urgente gestión. Se proponen tres áreas o enfoques particulares para mejorar la comprensión y gestión de los ríos urbanos en Latinoamérica: (1) Los estudios deben centrarse desde la visión de cuenca, (2) Es necesario una comprensión de la función del ecosistema acuático y la identificación de los servicios ecosistémicos, para justificar la gestión y restauración, y finalmente, (3) Los modelos de pagos por servicios ambientales pueden ser una buena estrategia para gestionar proyectos de conservación y restauración en las cuencas altas de estos ríos urbanos.

Biological mechanism of platelet-rich plasma for tendinopathy repair: A visual study based on scientific knowledge map / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Regeneration and repair using platelet-rich plasma provide a new insight for treating tendinopathy, which exhibits good outcomes in the treatment of refractory tendon and ligament degenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE: To explore the current research hotspot in the treatment of tendinopathy with platelet-rich plasma worldwide through drawing the scientific knowledge map of the treatment to tendinopathy by using the information visualization tool. METHODS: Using citation analysis method, we searched Web of Science core database for the studies on platelet-rich plasma and tendinopathy since 2008. The scientometric and visual analyses of literature were carried out by using Cite Space V scientific knowledge map tool. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 515 papers on repair of tendinitis with platelet-rich plasma were recruited. Eight papers on key nodes were obtained, and 27 keywords were found at high frequency. (2) In recent decade, high-yield authors have formed a research group based on the state and research institutions. The inter group cooperation is close, but there is a lack of cross-group scientific research cooperation. (3) Platelet-rich plasma has been widely used in the clinical treatment of tendinopathy, but there are some shortcomings in the design of clinical practice and experimental research, leading to controversy about the therapeutic effect of platelet-rich plasma. In order to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in tendinopathy, basic experimental studies should be carried out on the premise of controlling the experimental conditions and overcoming the shortcomings in experimental design. (4) The research of platelet-rich plasma on tendinopathy in foreign countries has gradually developed from the initial clinical study of platelet-rich plasma on the treatment of tendinopathy to the in vitro experiment with time, which has become a hotspot. In the selection of experimental indicators, the functional study of cytokines contained in platelet-rich plasma has shifted to focus on gene expression in cell biology. It is still unclear which cell transduction pathways platelet-rich plasma can affect tendon healing. From the trend of research, future research in this field will focus on microbiological mechanism of platelet-rich plasma in tendinopathy treatment.

Potenciamiento de la comunicación científica en base a sus latitudes y a los factores fundamentales de la virtud / Enhancing Scientific Communication through its Latitudes and the Fundamental Factors of Virtue

Resumen La virtud es una materia abordada desde diversas perspectivas, con inclusiones, exclusiones y repeticiones de características que le dan o anulan sentido a su esencia. Este artículo identifica los pilares que fundamentan su, analizando y contrastando diferentes aspectos encontrados en la literatura citada. Se proponen tres factores: hecho moral, carácter y voluntad, que se plantean y justifican como elementales y necesarios para que prevalezca como tal. A su vez, con base en dichos elementos de virtud, se detectaron tres latitudes: conocimiento y razón, acciones realizadas, e intencionalidad. El paralelismo entre estos factores de la virtud y latitudes de la comunicación científica puede expresarse de las siguientes maneras: (i) al factor de carácter le corresponde la latitud del conocimiento y la razón, ya que el conocimiento de la ciencia del investigador comprendería manejo de literatura, herramientas, técnicas y métodos; (ii) el hecho moral, como elemento de la virtud, da pie a la latitud de acciones realizadas en cultura científica, comprendiendo el acto investigativo en sí, el trabajo de campo, redacción de artículos y la búsqueda de espacios para la comunicación; y (iii) el elemento de la voluntad, que trae consigo la latitud de la intencionalidad, implica la inclinación e interés del investigador, ya sea motivada por su búsqueda de reconocimiento, logro personal o profesional y posibilita el logro de incentivos para continuar realizando la actividad científica.

Abstract Virtue is a subject addressed from different perspectives, with inclusions, exclusions and repetitions of characteristics that give or nullify meaning to its essence. This article identifies the pillars that support the existence of the same, analyzing and contrasting different aspects found in the cited literature. Three factors are proposed: moral fact, character and will, which are raised and justified as elementary and necessary to prevail as such. In turn, based on these elements of virtue, three latitudes were detected: knowledge and reason; actions done; and intentionality. The parallelism between these factors of virtue and latitudes of scientific communication can be expressed in the following ways: (i) the character factor corresponds to the latitude of knowledge and reason since the knowledge of the researcher's science would include handling of literature , tools, techniques and methods; (ii) the moral fact as an element of virtue, gives rise to the latitude of actions carried out in scientific culture, including the investigative act itself, the fieldwork, the writing of articles, and the search for spaces for communication; and (iii) the element of the will, which brings with it the latitude of intentionality, implies the inclination and interest of the researcher, whether motivated by his search for recognition, personal or professional achievement and enables the achievement of incentives to continue carrying out the scientific activity.

Visualization analysis of problem-based learning teaching based on Web of Science in nursing education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective@#To conduct the visualization analysis of literatures about problem-based learning (PBL) teaching in nursing based on the Web of Science database, so as to comprehend the development vein, main research power and knowledge foundation in this field.@*Methods@#The relevant literatures retrieved from Web of Science TM Core Collection were statistically analyzed through the website and uploaded into the CiteSpace software to generate knowledge mapping for visualization analysis.@*Results@#A total of 259 relevant literatures were included and the annual publication volume showed a remarkable rising trend. Among those literatures, the work of Professor Barrows had the biggest influence in this field; the United States was the country with the largest publication; the Hong Kong Polytechnic University had the top publication amount; PBL teaching literatures included by Journal of Advanced Nursing, Medical Education and Nurse Education Today were able to reflect the research foundation of this field to some extent. In addition, our study also found four classic literatures, which discussed the scientific rationality of PBL teaching in nursing education from different angles and had significance for laying foundations.@*Conclusion@#PBL teaching receives more and more attention in nursing education, but high-yielding authors are few, the distribution of national and institutional research power is uneven, and the overall research foundation is relatively weak, which still needs to be further explored.

Visualization analysis of problem-based learning teaching based on Web of Science in nursing education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To conduct the visualization analysis of literatures about problem-based learning ( PBL ) teaching in nursing based on the Web of Science database , so as to comprehend the development vein, main research power and knowledge foundation in this field. Methods The relevant literatures retrieved from Web of Science TM Core Collection were statistically analyzed through the website and uploaded into the CiteSpace software to generate knowledge mapping for visualization analysis. Results A total of 259 relevant literatures were included and the annual publication volume showed a remarkable rising trend. Among those literatures, the work of Professor Barrows had the biggest influence in this field;the United States was the country with the largest publication; the Hong Kong Polytechnic University had the top publication amount; PBL teaching literatures included by Journal of Advanced Nursing, Medical Education and Nurse Education Today were able to reflect the research foundation of this field to some extent. In addition, our study also found four classic literatures, which discussed the scientific rationality of PBL teaching in nursing education from different angles and had significance for laying foundations. Conclusion PBL teaching receives more and more attention in nursing education, but high-yielding authors are few, the distribution of national and institutional research power is uneven, and the overall research foundation is relatively weak, which still needs to be further explored.

Construcción de conocimiento biomédico y políticas de salud: Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico y Fibromialgia / Biomedical knowledge and health policies: Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Fibromyalgia

Resumen El trabajo tiene puesto su foco de atención en el proceso de construcción de conocimientos sobre enfermedades. El objetivo general es analizar ese proceso a partir de dos enfermedades en clave comparada: el Síndrome Urémico Hemolítico y la fibromialgia. Se reflexiona sobre cómo la construcción de conocimientos biomédicos modela el diseño de las políticas de salud. Nuestra estrategia de investigación se basó en el análisis de la literatura científica y de los programas de salud y proyectos de ley de Argentina. El análisis se basó en el modelo axial de categorías diagnósticas (semiológicas, morfológicas, explicativas y epidemiológicas) desarrollado por Camargo Jr. con el fin de detectar cómo se traducen los rasgos propios de la esfera biomédica en la esfera política. La investigación demostró que es decisiva la jerarquía otorgada a cada eje de definición de categoría diagnóstica al momento de diseñar una política de salud y reveló que cuando el campo biomédico no logra definir a la enfermedad en función de su raciocinio clínico-epidemiológico se invierten los roles entre la biomedicina y la política. Entonces es la política la que reconoce a la enfermedad otorgando esa legitimidad que los pacientes necesitan.

Abstract The article deals with the construction of knowledge about diseases. The general objective is to analyze the process of constructing scientific knowledge of two diseases in comparative perspective: Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Fibromyalgia. The work reflects on the construction of biomedical knowledge and health policies, specifically how scientific knowledge impacts on the design of policies. Our research strategy was based on the analysis of scientific literature, health programs and bills of Argentina. The analysis was based on the axial model of diagnostic categories (semiological, morphological, explanatory and epidemiological) developed by Camargo Jr in order to detect how the distinctive features of biomedical sphere is translated into the political sphere. The investigation showed that the hierarchy given to each axis when a disease is defined at the moment of designing health policies is curcial. It also revealed that when biomedicine can not define the disease, based on their clinical and epidemiological reasoning, the roles are reversed. Then it is politics that recognizes the disease and gives the legitimacy that patients need.

La responsabilidad de validar el conocimiento científico y promover la formación en investigación en odontología / The responsibility of validating scientific knowledge and promoting dental research education

Este editorial analiza algunas de las implicaciones de validar casi exclusivamente el trabajo investigativo y las revistas académicas arbitradas mediante sistemas de evaluación de revistas (índices), como Publindex en Colombia. Se reconoce la contribución que estos sistemas han hecho para mejorar la calidad de publicaciones y artículos pero enfatiza la necesidad de involucrar las comunidades académicas para determinar el valor del conocimiento y los procesos para generarlo. Se reflexiona también sobre el contexto de la investigación odontológica, las estrategias que Universitas Odontologica ha empleado para cumplir su misión y visión, y sus desafíos como revista institucional pequeña en odontología.

Equivalence relations as an analysis criterion of scientific relevance of analytical categories / As relações de equivalência como critério de análise da pertinência científica de categorias analíticas / Las relaciones de equivalencia como criterio de análisis de la pertinencia científica de categorías analíticas

Abstract The aim of this paper is to propose equivalence relations as a structural criterion or analytical order, through which the functions of knowledge required in a scientific activity are delimited. It begins by considering knowledge as a phenomenon studied by psychology, whose explanation requires giving an account of the way in which such behavioral or knowledge functions are established, organized and updated. It is considered that the procedures of matching-to-sample allow understanding the way of abstracting the analytical categories that scientifically structure the knowledge of reality. When using these procedures, new relationships are derived that without the need for direct training, cannot be explained based on principles of stimulus generalization, but rather as equivalent relations differentiated through previous training. They get a closure in an analytical category, once the categorical criteria are abstracted or if desired, when these relationships are nominated. And when categorized or nominated, they transcend the situation, since nominating is understood as an adjustment to conventional criteria. Once situational interactions are nominated, they regulate all social practices, including practices of scientific knowledge.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é propor as relações de equivalência como critério estrutural ou de ordenamento analítico pelo qual possam ser delimitadas as funções do conhecimento requeridas numa atividade científica. Parte-se de considerar o conhecimento como um fenômeno estudado pela psicologia e cuja explicação requer evidenciar a maneira na qual são estabelecidas, organizadas e atualizadas as funções comportamentais ou do conhecimento. Desse modo, considera-se que as tarefas de igualação à amostra permitem compreender o modo de abstrair as categorias analíticas que estruturam cientificamente o conhecimento da realidade. Quando são usados esses procedimentos, são derivadas novas relações que, sem a necessidade de um treinamento direto, não podem ser explicadas com base em princípios de generalização de estímulos, mas sim como relações equivalentes diferenciadas mediante os treinamentos prévios e que adquirem uma delimitação numa categoria analítica quando são abstraídos os critérios categoriais ou, se se quiser, quando essas relações são nominadas. Assim, ao serem categorizadas ou nominadas, elas transcendem a situação -porque nominar se entende como um ajuste a critérios convencionais- e, uma vez que as interações situacionais são nominadas, regulam todas as práticas sociais, incluídas as práticas do conhecimento científico.

Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer las relaciones de equivalencia como criterio estructural o de ordenamiento analítico mediante el cual se puedan delimitar las funciones del conocimiento requeridas en una actividad científica. Se parte de considerar al conocimiento como un fenómeno estudiado por la psicología y cuya explicación requiere de dar cuenta de la manera en que se establecen, organizan y actualizan las funciones conductuales o del conocimiento. De este modo, se considera que las tareas de igualación a la muestra permiten comprender el modo de abstraer las categorías analíticas que estructuran científicamente el conocimiento de la realidad. Cuando se usan estos procedimiento, se derivan nuevas relaciones sin la necesidad de un entrenamiento directo y que no pueden explicarse con base en principios de generalización de estímulos, sino, más bien, como relaciones equivalentes diferenciadas mediante los entrenamientos previos y que adquieren un cierre en una categoría analítica cuando se abstraen los criterios categoriales o, si se quiere, cuando estas relaciones se nominan. Así, al categorizarse o nominarse, estas trascienden la situación -porque nominar se entiende como un ajuste a criterios convencionales- y una vez que las interacciones situacionales se nominan, regulan todas las prácticas sociales, incluidas las prácticas del conocimiento científico.

An analysis of articles on qualitative studies conducted by doctors published in scientific journals in Brazil between 2004 and 2013 / Análise de estudos qualitativos conduzidos por médicos publicados em periódicos científicos brasileiros entre 2004 e 2013

Abstract: We analyzed articles on studies carried out by doctors using qualitative methods. A literature search of articles published on the SciELO Brazil database between 2004 and 2013 was performed using the following keywords: qualitative research, interview, focus group, participant observation, content analysis, discourse analysis, social representation, and dialectical hermeneutics. The texts were analyzed using a theoretical framework based on the qualitative research review guidelines (RATS). Articles were grouped into the following categories: consistent, not very consistent, and inconsistent. A total of 135 articles were selected from 28 journals. The majority (64.4%) were considered consistent. The main weaknesses found were: lack of information on methodological path; superficial and descriptive analysis without reference to relevant literature; conclusions that did not advance beyond common sense; decontextualized results, and lack of study limitations. We concluded that the majority of the articles had scientific validity and suggest that journals covering the health field should provide specific norms for articles produced from qualitative studies.

Resumo: Analisamos artigos de pesquisas realizadas por médicos que utilizaram método qualitativo. A busca bibliográfica foi feita na base SciELO do Brasil no período de 2004 a 2013 com as palavras-chave: pesquisa qualitativa, entrevista, grupo focal, observação participante, análise de conteúdo, análise de discurso, representação social, hermenêutica-dialética. Abordamos os textos por meio de constructo teórico baseado nas diretrizes RATS para revisão de estudos qualitativos. Classificamos o material nas categorias: consistente, pouco consistente e inconsistente. Selecionamos 135 artigos de 28 periódicos. Consideramos a maioria consistente (64,4%). Os principais problemas encontrados foram: ausência de informações sobre percurso metodológico; análise parcial e descritiva, sem diálogo com a literatura; conclusões que não avançam além do senso comum; resultados descontextualizados e limitações do estudo não consideradas. Concluímos que a maior parte dos artigos analisados tem validade científica e sugerimos a inclusão de normas para esse tipo de publicação nos periódicos da área de saúde.

Atividade de treinador de futebol no Brasil: ofício ou profissão? / Soccer coach activity in Brazil: craft or profession

O futebol ocupa lugar de destaque no cenário desportivo brasileiro. Baseado em informações científicas e legislativas, quais os requisitos para ocupar o cargo de treinador de futebol no Brasil? Ao considerar a problemática entre o modelo artesanal e o científico em relação à ambiguidade de formação nos perfis de treinadores de futebol, o ponto de vista apresenta como objetivo discutir acerca dos requisitos exigidos para atuar como treinador de futebol no Brasil e sua relação com a legislação e a formação profissional em Educação Física embasada na literatura científica. Do ponto de vista da Lei vigente sobre a profissão de treinador, observa-se que não há obrigatoriedade do treinador ser graduado em Educação Física, apenas indica a preferência. Enquanto que a literatura científica defende a utilização do conhecimento científico adquirido em cursos universitários para o melhor desempenho e concretização dos objetivos propostos por esses treinadores em sua prática cotidiana de trabalho. O não reconhecimento e a desvalorização do treinador de futebol pelos clubes e pela sociedade são procedentes da falta de consenso legislativo e da recente profissionalização da Educação Física. Em conclusão, sugerimos que o debate e as reflexões acerca deste assunto sejam aprofundados para que este impasse seja solucionado e favoreça os envolvidos neste processo: os treinadores, os atletas, o futebol e a Educação Física...(AU)

Soccer occupies a prominent place in the Brazilian sports scene. Based on scientific and legislative information, including the requirements for the position of soccer coach in Brazil? In considering the problems of the craft model and scientific in relation to the formation of ambiguity in soccer coaches profiles, the view has as objective to discuss about the conditions required to work as a soccer coach in Brazil and its relationship with the law and training in Physical Education grounded in the scientific literature. From the point of view of the existing Law on the coaching profession, it is observed that there is no obligation coach be graduated in Physical Education, only indicates the preference. While the scientific literature supports the use of scientific knowledge acquired in college courses for the best performance and achievement of the objectives proposed by these coaches in their daily work practice. The non-recognition and devaluation of the soccer coach by the clubs and society are coming from lack of legislative consensus and the recent professionalization of Physical Education. In conclusion, we suggest that the debate and reflections on this subject are deepened to this impasse is resolved and promote those involved in this process: the coaches, athletes, soccer and Physical Education...(AU)

Balizas do conhecimento: análise das instruções aos autores das revistas brasileiras da área de saúde / Knowledge references: analysis of Brazilian health journal instructions to authors

Resumo Pesquisadores da área da saúde referem que a dificuldade em publicar é uma barreira à realização de estudos qualitativos. Buscou-se identificar que periódicos brasileiros indexados no SciELO na área de ciências da saúde incluem instruções aos autores que possibilitam a publicação de estudos originais realizados com métodos qualitativos. Dos 88 títulos analisados, mais da metade (52) impõem condições incompatíveis com a pesquisa qualitativa, sendo a maioria revistas médicas. Alguns periódicos (19) não disponibilizam informações relativas ao tipo de estudo, mas não fazem exigências típicas de pesquisas quantitativas, como testes estatísticos e reprodutibilidade. Revistas que demonstram aceitar investigações qualitativas (17) permitem textos mais longos, desenhos de estudo que incluem entrevistas e algumas explicitam a aceitação de estudos com abordagens qualitativas. Em geral estas são da área de saúde coletiva ou enfermagem, e têm pontuações mais altas na CAPES. A falta de instruções claras para manuscritos de natureza qualitativa e a exigência de quantificação são barreiras à publicação de estudos qualitativos, não favorecendo a ampliação do olhar do clínico para os fenômenos humanos relacionados à saúde. Critérios de cientificidade e rigor devem ser revistos.

Abstract Health researchers refer to the difficulty in publishing which is a barrier to conducting qualitative studies. We sought to identify which Brazilian publications indexed in SciELO in the area of health sciences include instructions to authors that allow the publication of original studies based on qualitative methods. Of the 88 current titles analyzed, more than half (52) impose conditions that are incompatible with the qualitative research, most of them medical publications. Some publications (19) do not provide information on the type of study, but do not present typical requirements of quantitative research, such as statistical tests and reproducibility. Magazines demonstrating the acceptance of qualitative research (17) allow longer texts, study designs that include interviews, and some even specifically state acceptance of studies with qualitative approaches. In general, these publications belong to the collective health or nursing areas and have higher scores in CAPES. The lack of clear instructions for qualitative manuscripts and the need for quantification are barriers to the publishing of qualitative studies, which does not favor the expansion of the clinical look to the human phenomena related to health. The scientific and accuracy criteria should be reviewed.

Comparative Analysis on Health Technology Assessment Study in China and Abroad / 医学信息学杂志

The paper takes literature in the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) field in Web of Science and " China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database" as its study subject,draws scientific knowledge map with EXCEL,CiteSpace on data like high-frequency keywords and burst terms and analyzes study hotspots and evolution trend.It suggests that HTA theoretical system be perfected,study be converted into demonstration and study cooperation be strengthened to promote study and development of China's HTA.